What is Permaculture?

Permanent Culture, or Permaculture, was initiallyboundaries that define the system, as well as the
conceived as a self-sustaining agricultural method,natural resources that are available within it.
where agricultural systems are designed to2. Evaluating these parameters then leads to the
require minimal, or ideally, no external humandesign, implementation and long-term maintenance
intervention. In modern days this term has beenof the permaculture system. The design is a
extended to describe a holistic approach tohighly creative and innovative process that is
designing self-sufficient and ecologically-balancedreally the key to the success of the system.
human settlements, which minimizes our3. Central themes in the design include the use of
dependence on industrial systems of productionpatterns, both natural (like a shape of a wave or
and distribution and promotes synergy andspiral, common in nature) or patterns useful for a
harmony among the different components of ourparticular need (like a particular structure to
immediate environment.minimize waste).
Permaculture aspires to establish an ecological4. Permaculture often makes use of layers, in
balance within the system. A perfectly balancedorder to create a harmonious and efficient use of
system is one that does not require externalspace. For example, layering different sized plants
modifications and relies completely on its ownon a single soil patch will optimize space usage and
resources, where one product is used to feedallow a diverse and complementary eco-system
another. For example, a very simple permacultureto emerge.
farm is one which uses its animal waste to feedHow can we create and benefit from
its crops, which in turn are used to feed thepermaculture? There are many resources, books,
animals. At the same time, just enough crops andcourses and online websites that teach individuals
animal products (such as meat, eggs, etc) arehow to improve their household and
generated to feed the human community. Such ahome-farming based on permaculture methods.
simple system can evolve over time and turn intoWe can start from planting plants in a certain
a highly complex ecosystem of its own.pattern, raising farm animals in a certain manner
Permaculture relies on a set of a well-defined setor collecting and recycling water for home use.
of design principles:There are many levels of practicing permaculture
1. Underlying permaculture is observation andand everyone can benefit from its obvious
planning: before building a farm one needs toadvantages. And on top of it all, we get to
observe study and understand its naturalpreserve our environment and live harmoniously
components and how they relate to each other.with our planet and its many ecosystems.
One needs to consider the natural and artificial