Direct Consumer Advertising Raises the Cost of Prescription Drugs

When one looks at television, a newspaper or aadvertising. My colleagues and I look forward to
magazine it is impossible not to be inundated withmeeting with Pfizer's management team to
ads for various prescription drug medications. Thisdiscuss their plans related to direct-to-consumer
was not always the case. In fact, not until 1997,advertising."
when the FDA issued its guidelines for direct toThe FDA maintains that it continues to oversee
consumer advertising, did this massivedirect to consumer advertising by drug companies
pharmaceutical advertising expenditure begin.to insure that ads are truthful balanced and
It might interest some to know that only 2accurate.
countries in the world allow our brand of direct toThe Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers
consumer advertising of prescription drugs: theof America (PhRMA) represents the country's
United State and New Zealand.leading pharmaceutical research and biotechnology
The amounts of money involved are staggering.companies. This trade and lobbying group takes
A study done by the Kaiser Family Foundation inthe official position that the purpose of direct to
2006 found that for every dollar a drug companyconsumer marketing is to raise patient awareness
spent on advertising, it earned $4 in additionalof diseases and treatments that might be
sales. Doesn't sound like much, does it?available to treat them. Their studies show that
But the real numbers put the impact indirect to consumer advertising brings patients into
prospective. In 1999, just two years after thetheir doctors' offices and starts important
FDA permitted direct to consumer advertising indoctor-patient conversations about health that
its current form, Pfizer spent 55 million advertisingmight otherwise take place.
it's cholesterol lowering drug, Lipitor. Sales ofThe drug industry is mounting major lobbying
Lipitor jumped 56% that year to almost $2.6campaigns to have direct to consumer marketing
billion.allowed in Europe and Canada. The Health Action
As advertising spending went up, the amount ofInternational (HAI-Europe), in December 2001 set
control exercised by the FDA fell. According toforth their reasoning for continuing to ban direct
the New England Journal of Medicine, the FDAadvertising to consumers of prescription drugs.
sent 142 violations letters to pharmaceuticalGiven the current debate in the United States
companies in 1997. By 2006 the FDA sent only 21over health care reform some of their rationale is
violation letters.quite relevant.
As revenues from advertising grew,The HAI-Europe gave 4 reasons for continuing
pharmaceutical companies found new ways tothe ban on direct to consumer advertising.
entice consumers to buy their brand. Celebrity1.Direct to consumer advertising drives up
advertising was born. Pfizer ran the now infamousprescription drugs costs, threatening the
commercials featuring Dr. Robert Jarvik promotingsustainability of national health care services and
Lipitor "as a doctor and a father." As it turneduniversal access to health care as a fundamental
out, Dr. Jarvik was not a licensed medical doctorhuman right.
despite his being the inventor of the artificial heart.2. Direct to consumer advertising fails to inform. It
Dr. Jarvik did have a medical degree from thedoes not provide the impartial, objective
University of Utah but after earning a medicalinformation consumers and patients need for
degree, physicians must complete a series ofinformed health care decisions.
tests to earn certification to practice medicine.3. Direct to consumer advertising compromises
Reps. John D. Dingell (D-MI), Chairman of thepublic safety. It can lead to rapid widespread
Committee on Energy and Commerce, and Bartexposure to dangerous drugs before risks are
Stupak, Chairman of the Subcommittee onfully recognized. Additionally, most new drugs are
Oversight and Investigations, launched ancostlier than existing treatments, but few provide
investigation into the misleading effect of the adsany therapeutic advantage.
on consumers which had been approved by the4. Direct to consumer advertising promotes the
FDA.medicalisation of normal life. The most heavily
In February 2008 Pfizer agreed to withdraw theadvertised drugs are for long-term use by large
Lipitor advertising and promotions featuring Dr.target audiences, often for mild conditions and
Robert Jarvik. Rep. Dingell stated that "Pfizer's'lifestyle' problems that may not need drug
decision was a wise one, and I am pleased ourtherapy.
investigation prompted the removal of Lipitor adsThe debate will continue but do not look for a
featuring Dr. Jarvik. We trust that Pfizer is sincerechange in the advertising practices of U.S. drug
in its commitment to 'greater clarity' in itscompanies anytime soon.