Biotechnology Researcher Questions Why Only Cattle in Andhra Pradesh, India Die After Eating BT Cott

ign="center">evaporates when they go to the press. They also
For a month now, reports of dead cattle haveseem to consider that sheep deaths are due to
occupied the centre stage in the Warangal,‘nitrate toxicity’. But the nitrate
Khammam and Adilabad Districts of thecontent was not estimated either in the plants or
Telengana area of Andhra Pradesh in Indiathe sheep body fluids and tissues. Drought and
(Deccan Herald, February 7, 2007, The Hindu,water stress results in the accumulation of a large
March 2, 2007, GM Watch, March 4, 2007). Nonenumber of chemical compounds in the drying
of the reports showed that Bt protein in the Btplants, such as resins, polyphenols such as
cotton plants was the real culprit, but thegossypol and several others, which can be toxic
purveyors of these reports would like the worldwhen consumed in large quantities. Nonetheless,
to believe that there is something wrong with Btnitrates or other toxic compounds cannot be
cotton plants that cause these alleged animalexclusive to Bt cotton plants
deaths and so Bt transgenics should be banned.The Officers of the Department of Agriculture of
With more than 90 per cent of cotton grown inthe Warangal District we met said that sheep
the Telengana region being Bt cotton, the cattledeath cannot be attributed to Bt cotton and that
graze on Bt cotton stubble. Since Bt protein isresidual pesticides are probably the cause, and
established beyond any reasonable doubt that it issheep died even before Bt cotton was cultivated
non-toxic to mammals on account of its mode ofin the area.
chemical action, the investigation shouldAn agriculture reporter of a local vernacular daily
concentrate on what other chemicals the deadalso does not believe that there is any connection
dying cotton plants contain affecting the cattle.between sheep deaths and Bt cotton.
The reported symptoms such as convulsions,We met several cotton seed and pesticide dealers
nasal discharge, vomiting, respiratory problemswho do not see any connection between Bt
and diarrhea can be caused by a variety ofcotton and sheep deaths. They said that
factors, and cannot be attributed exclusively to‘Chituku rogam’, a fatal
the chemical contents of Bt plants, as non-Btbacterial disease of sheep, appears in the District
cotton plants too contain the same chemicalnow and then.
compounds except for the Bt protein.Most of the large number of farmers we met in
A veterinary doctor reportedly said that thethe District heard about sheep deaths but have
treatment is symptomatic since the 'culprit toxicno first hand knowledge of the issue. They have
substance is not identified’. ‘Itindicated that most reports of sheep deaths
needs more than a laboratory analysis to curb thecome from the township of Oorugunda where an
occurrence of animal deaths due to suspectedNGO operates and also from the village area of
poisoning’ another veterinarian observed.Veladi.
The State Legislative Assembly seems to haveNone of the activists speak about sheep deaths
been informed that no deaths of cattlethat occurred before Bt cotton cultivation came
attributable to the consumption of Bt cottoninto practice in this region. The big question is why
plants were reported. Yet the NGOs claim thatcattle only in a few Districts of the Telengana
the Government Veterinary Department ascribedregion die? If cattle are reported to be dying on
the deaths to grazing Bt cotton plants.eating Bt cotton plants only in the Telengana
I was in the Warangal District in the middle ofregion of Andhra Pradesh, the causes are
December 2006, along with Professor Ronaldprobably elsewhere, other than in the Bt stubble.
Herring (Cornell University) and Dr S ShantharamNext wave of reporting would be about people
(Biologistics International, US) and discussed sheepwho fell sick on drinking milk from the cows and
deaths with different groups of people and nobuffalos that ate Bt cotton plants. The remedies
one said that the sheep died only because theyare simple—provide the cattle with proper
consumed Bt cotton plants.feed and prevent them from grazing on drying
The representatives of the Centre for Sustainablecotton plants, no matter Bt or non-Bt.
Agriculture (CAS, Secunderabad), the most vocalAs per the records of the District Department of
face of anti-agricultural biotechnology and sheepAgriculture, a compensation of Rs. 3.27 crore was
death movement said that basing on the datapaid to the farmers in the Telengana District on
provided by the Andhra Pradesh Shepherds Union,account of alleged failure of Bt cotton crop during
about 120 sheep died on eating Bt cotton leavesthe last couple of years. From this precedence, it
in 11 Mandals of Warangal and Khammam districts,looks that the Government of Andhra Pradesh
last year. According to them there were manyand producers of Bt cotton seed should now get
other reports of death of a large number ofready to dish out compensation for cattle deaths
sheep in the region. CSA admitted that Bt proteinin Telengana.
is not toxic to mammals, but this wisdom