Biotechnology: Commercial - Licensing Agreement - Royalty Payments

->parties in relation to other patented technology
The case, Cambridge Antibody Technology vused in the development of HUMIRA. They
Abbott Biotechnology Ltd and another, concernedargued that having taken licences from a number
what royalty payments were due to the claimant,of third parties that owned patents; the offset
Cambridge Antibody Technology, under thehad reduced the amount payable to the claimant
agreements between the parties.to the minimum payment of 2%. Accordingly,
Cambridge Antibody Technology was a companythey had calculated the royalty payments due to
undertaking research and development work andthe claimant as 2%. The claimant accepted that
licensing of its technology, in relation to thethe agreements contained an offset provision but
production of antibodies. The first defendant wasargued that it applied only to royalties which the
the holding company of the second defendantdefendants needed to pay to third parties in
which was one of a group of pharmaceuticalrespect of the use of the licensed technology by
companies. The parties entered into athe claimant. They contended that all of the
collaborative agreement in 1993, whereby thelicences relied on by the defendants related to
claimant granted the defendants the right to usepatents covering parts of the HUMIRA production
its technology in the production of aprocess rather than that involving the claimant's
genetically-engineered human antibody for use intechnology. Therefore the offset provision was
the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.not triggered. The claimant submitted that the
Two years later in 1995, the parties substituteddefendants should have been paying a royalty for
the first agreement for a second one onthe bulk of their sales of HUMIRA at the rate of
substantially the same terms. As a result of thejust over 5% and not at the rate of 2%.
collaboration, the defendants produced a productThe claimant's claim was allowed. The judge held
known as HUMIRA.that on the true construction of the agreements,
In accordance with the agreements, thethe construction put forward by the claimant was
defendants agreed to make royalty payments tocorrect - that was the only construction which
the claimant at a rate of just over 5% of the netwas consistent with all the other provisions of the
sales of HUMIRA, subject to an offset oragreements and made commercial sense in the
royalty-sharing provision. This provision allowed thefactual matrix within which the agreements had
defendants to deduct from the royalties due tobeen made.
the claimant half the royalties due under licencesAccordingly, the royalties' payable by the
from third parties for certain categories ofdefendants should have been calculated on the
technology. This was subject to the payment bybasis of the full royalty of approximately 5%.
the defendants of a minimum royalty provision ofIf you require further information contact us
2%. The interpretation given to the royaltyEmail: © RT COOPERS, 2005. This Briefing
provisions in the agreements came in dispute.Note does not provide a comprehensive or
The defendants claimed that they were entitledcomplete statement of the law relating to the
to offset, against what was due to the claimant,issues discussed nor does it constitute legal advice.
50% of the royalty payments paid to thirdIt is intended only to highlight general issues.