Oil sludge, spilled into the sea contains toxins which are a major threat to all forms of aquatic life and contaminated fish are a serious health risk when eaten by humans.

Particular species of bacteria and fungi, normally found in soil, can break down hydrocarbons, the main component of petroleum, These Micro-organisms must survive in high salt concentrations and a broad temperature range to act against such spills.

The selection of the correct combination of bacteria is vital, both from the point of view of effectiveness and economy.